Porzio, Massimiliano (2014) Biodegradable polymeric systems for controlled release of growth factors in regenerative medicine. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Tipologia del documento: Tesi di dottorato
Lingua: English
Titolo: Biodegradable polymeric systems for controlled release of growth factors in regenerative medicine
Autori:
AutoreEmail
Porzio, Massimilianomassimiliano.porzio@unina.it
Data: 31 Marzo 2014
Numero di pagine: 128
Istituzione: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Dipartimento: Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale
Scuola di dottorato: Ingegneria industriale
Dottorato: Ingegneria dei materiali e delle strutture
Ciclo di dottorato: 26
Coordinatore del Corso di dottorato:
nomeemail
Mensitieri, GiuseppeEMAIL giuseppe.mensitieri@unina.it
Tutor:
nomeemail
Netti, Paolo Antonio[non definito]
Data: 31 Marzo 2014
Numero di pagine: 128
Parole chiave: Controlled release systems, VEGF, NGF, Regenerative medicine, scaffold
Settori scientifico-disciplinari del MIUR: Area 09 - Ingegneria industriale e dell'informazione > ING-IND/22 - Scienza e tecnologia dei materiali
Depositato il: 13 Apr 2014 12:39
Ultima modifica: 17 Mag 2017 01:00
URI: http://www.fedoa.unina.it/id/eprint/10017

Abstract

With advances in biotechnology, bioengineering, and chemistry, a wide variety of new, more potent and specific active molecules are being created. Because of common problems such as low solubility, high potency, and/or poor stability of many of these new molecules, the means of drug delivery can impact efficacy and potential for commercialization as much as the nature of the molecule itself. the controlled release systems (DDS’s) are one of the most promising technologies to solve these problems because offer several potential advantages over traditional methods of administration. First, drug release rates can be tailored to the needs of a specific application; for example, providing a constant rate of delivery or pulsatile release. Second, DDS provide protection of drugs, especially proteins, that are otherwise rapidly destroyed by the body. Finally, DDS can increase patient comfort and compliance by replacing frequent (e.g., daily) doses with infrequent (once per month or less) injection. the last twenty years the DDS in addition to being used for the release of drugs are also used in the field of tissue engineering for controlled release of specific molecules, such as growth factors or cytokines. In the first chapter of this thesis the drug delivery systems have been investigate for the control of the concentration of signal molecules within tridimensional scaffold for the induction of angiogenesis in bone regeneration processes. To achieve a good bone tissue regeneration is essential to have a three dimensional structure, called scaffold, with specific physical and mechanical properties, such as high porosity, high interconnected pore network, high biocompatibility but especially capable of releasing in a controlled way bioactive molecules such as proangiogenic factors (VEGF). For this reason we have developed a bottom up approach founded on the assembly of building blocks by solvent induced microparticle sintering to realize multifunctional polymer scaffolds with predefined pore dimension and fully percolative pathway, able to include interspersing DDS for the release of angiogenic factor or similar molecules. This approach offers the possibility to realize scaffolds that not only meet all the requirements in terms of controlled microstructure, chemical stability and mechanical response necessary to support neo-tissue growth, but also provide a guidance of cell and tissue processes by presenting bioactive agents in a predefined chrono-programmed manner. In the second chapter of this thesis has been developed intraocular drug delivery systems for the controlled release of growth factors for the treatment of different ocular diseases. The traditional treatment of these pathologies consists of daily administration of drugs but, the main limit of these conventional treatments is bound to the fact that blood levels of the drug falling into the therapeutic range are obtained right after administration. In other words, there is a risk that the drug action lasts too little to have a significant effect on the patient. To overcome this issues and to optimize the clinical performance we have developed PLGA micro e nanoparticles system for the controlled release of specific factor: Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) to humor vitreous. This factor has been shown to have a protective effect on the cells of the visual system, opening interesting therapeutic prospects for degenerative diseases currently no effective treatments, such as the age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa and glaucoma.

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