Pacelli, Antonia (2024) Environmental Policy and Information: Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches to reach a Sustainable Economy. [Tesi di dottorato]

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This doctoral thesis in environmental economics investigates the role of policies and information on agents' decision making process. In particular, it explores the scheme of the Emission Trading System (EU ETS) and its effects on economic and environmental outcomes. First, it illustrates the structure of the policy and focuses on the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and the deriving potential scenarios. Then, the thesis goes on an empirical perspective analysing the Italian context and the role of the EU ETS on the emissions' abatement, and exploring the Porter hypothesis. In the Chapter 1 and 2 the agents that take decisions as reaction of the introduction of environmental policies are firms. The third chapter moves the attention to a policy proposal for the European Union, which expands the EU ETS and adds an uniform EU-wide policy too, with the objective to create a EU climate bond for financing the climate investment gap. Lastly, it goes beyond the top-down policies and the importance of creating a bottom-up consensus. This is the reason why the Chapter 4 investigates the role of the introduction of the eco labels on individual and family decisions, considering also children as decision makers. It thus considers as agents individual members of the family and the households as a unit, to understand who takes the decisions in purchasing choices. The overall message of this thesis is that the coordination of top-down and bottom-up approaches might lead to more efficient and faster environmental goal to different types of climate action activities, fostered both by policy makers and individual citizens and communities.

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