DI LUCREZIA, ALFREDO (2025) INTERAZIONE INTERSPECIFICA SU BASE EMOTIVA: L’UMANO E GLI ANIMALI DOMESTICATI EMOTION-BASED INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTION: HUMANS AND DOMESTICATED ANIMALS. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

Emotional communication across species represents a fundamental mechanism shaping social interactions and adaptive behaviors in domestic animals. This work investigates the role of human emotional signals, particularly chemosignals, in modulating behavioral and physiological responses in animals, with a specific focus on dogs and other domesticated species. The first part provides an overview of canine domestication and multisensory communication, emphasizing the importance of olfactory signaling in interspecific emotional exchange. Particular attention is devoted to chemosignaling as a conserved pathway through which emotional states are transmitted across species boundaries. Experimental evidence is presented demonstrating that human emotion-induced chemosignals elicit measurable responses in animals exposed to different affective contexts. [...]Through controlled paradigms, animals (dogs, goats, horses, and cattle) were tested under a variety of emotional conditions, such as negative emotional contexts induced by social isolation, in which the role of human presence as a social buffer is highlighted. The results indicate that human proximity can significantly modulate emotional reactivity, reducing stress-related behaviors and endocrine responses, particularly in isolation contexts. Overall, this work demonstrates that interspecific emotional communication relies on both chemical signals and social interactions, with a molecule acting as an alarm cue in dogs and human presence functioning as a powerful regulator of animal emotional states. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of animal welfare, human–animal relationships, and the evolutionary foundations of emotional communication across species.

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