Sapio, Silvia (2026) Economic and behavioral experiments to foster healthy and sustainable food choices. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

Over recent decades, transformations in global food systems have increased the availability and affordability of ultra-processed foods, contributing to poor diet quality and the rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases. These challenges disproportionately affect individuals with low socioeconomic position, who are more likely to consume energy-dense, nutrient-poor diets due to economic, environmental, and cognitive constraints. Traditional public health strategies relying primarily on information and education have shown limited effectiveness in reducing these dietary inequalities, highlighting the need for alternative approaches. In this context, insights from behavioral sciences—particularly nudging—offer promising tools to promote healthier eating behaviors by modifying choice architecture without restricting individual freedom. This doctoral thesis investigates how nudges and related behavioral interventions can support healthier food choices among low-income populations. Across five interconnected studies, the research examines key determinants of food choice in low socioeconomic groups, explores consumer perceptions of ultra-processed foods, healthier alternatives, and food-related policies, and evaluates the effectiveness of behavioral interventions aimed at reducing the selection of ultra-processed products. By integrating systematic evidence synthesis with perceptual analyses and experimental research, the thesis provides an evidence-based framework for designing equitable and effective food policies. Overall, the findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how behavioral insights can be leveraged to reduce nutritional inequalities and foster sustainable dietary transitions.

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