Di Porzio, Angela (2024) Metabolic changes induced by high fructose and high fat intake and their correlation with reshaping of gut microbiota. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, representing an alarming global public health issue. Several countries have witnessed an escalation in the prevalence of obesity in the last decades, probably due to urbanization, sedentary lifestyle, and increase consumption of high- calorie processed food. In this context, fructose, used as a sweetener mainly in the form of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), and satured fats are linked to the increase of obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Very concerning is the widely consume by the young population of these compounds, particularly because metabolic modifications during adolescence could persist into adulthood. The objectives of this PhD project were to (a) clarify if short-term high-fructose intake can induce metabolic age-dependent alterations, (b) study whether the metabolic impairments induced by an excess of sugars are abolished or persist after the elimination of the sugar and the switch to a balanced diet, (c) investigate whether dietary supplements, such as probiotics, could counteract deleterious effects of dietary habits, thus promoting healthy growth. The study was conducted on metabolically relevant tissues, such as skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver.

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