Antoniciello, Martina (2025) Terapia antibiotica ed antimicrobico-resistenza negli animali da reddito: percezione e comportamento dei Medici Veterinari nei confronti di questo fenomeno globale. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

The present study analyses perceptions, knowledge, and practices related to antimicrobial use among the veterinary practitioners operating in the dairy production sector in the Campania region (Southern Italy). Through a structured questionnaire, the study investigated veterinarians’ approaches to antibiotic prescription, their relationships with farmers, and their opinions on current regulations. The retrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2024 and January 2025, examining the perceptions and attitudes of 70 practitioners. Data was collected via an anonymous and voluntary survey distributed through the Professional Veterinary Associations of the region's five provinces. The questionnaire, consisting of 31 questions divided into two sections ("demographic data" and "perception and attitude data"), was drafted in a clear and concise manner, avoiding leading or assumptive language to ensure the neutrality of responses. The results highlight a still widespread and sometimes improper use of antimicrobials, strongly influenced by economic, managerial, and relational factors, as well as by social pressure from farmers. Although awareness of the risks associated with antimicrobial resistance is generally high, significant criticalities emerge regarding the reception of European and national regulations, which are perceived as not particularly effective in achieving their stated goals. The educational and prescribing role of the veterinary practitioner proves to be crucial, yet it requires stronger institutional support, more effective communication strategies, and greater investment in continuing education. The skepticism towards alternative therapies, often stemming from a lack of specific training, underscores the urgency of promoting a professional culture that is open to therapeutic innovation. The data collected offers a valuable knowledge base for the development of operational guidelines aimed at a more rational and sustainable use of antimicrobials, in the context of effective, compliant, and responsible animal health management.

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