masoumi, pegah (2025) A Legal and Policy Framework for Addressing the Challenges of Female Migrants in Italy: A Critical Examination of Feminization, Rights, and Protection. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

This thesis examines the challenges faced by female migrants in Italy, focusing on their legal rights, vulnerabilities, and access to protection. It provides an in-depth analysis of Italy's migration policies, including the impact of crucial legislative changes such as the Salvini Security Decree and the Cutro Law. These laws have imposed restrictions on humanitarian protection, exacerbating the vulnerabilities of female migrants who face exploitation, violence, and limited access to healthcare and legal support. The study also explores the intersection of gender and migration, highlighting the feminization of migration, where women increasingly migrate in search of better opportunities or to escape violence. However, the journey itself often subjects them to human trafficking, labor exploitation, and other human rights violations. Despite Italy’s legislative efforts, systemic challenges such as inconsistent law enforcement, socio-political barriers, and insufficient resources continue to hinder the protection of female migrants. The thesis calls for more comprehensive policy reforms from international human rights frameworks, emphasizing the need for equitable access to healthcare, legal assistance, and social services for migrant women. It advocates for a gender-sensitive approach to migration policy, highlighting the importance of international cooperation and the integration of migrant organizations into Italy's societal framework. By addressing these issues, the research contributes to the broader discussion on migrant women’s rights and the need for stronger protections against the systemic exploitation they face in Italy.

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