Avitabile, Marika (2025) Novel Active Packaging Systems Obtained From Renewable Sources. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

The PhD project explores the development of sustainable bioplastics for active food packaging, integrating renewable biopolymers and bioactive plant extracts. The research focuses on three key materials: chitosan, pectin, and hemp protein, each selected for its film-forming ability and environmental compatibility. Chitosan-based films were functionalized with anthocyanin-rich extracts from Callistemon citrinus (CCE) flowers, enhancing antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Pectin films incorporated flavonoids from Rosa hybrida petals, valorizing floral waste and improving barrier performance. Hemp protein was chemically modified via acylation with fatty acid chlorides to improve mechanical strength and hydrophobicity. The films were characterized for optical, mechanical, and biological properties. CCE-enriched chitosan films showed increased opacity, reduced oxygen permeability, and selective antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes. Packaging trials with cheddar cheese demonstrated antioxidative protection and consumer acceptance, though moisture retention remained inferior to low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Migration and toxicity tests confirmed safety for food contact, while biodegradability assessments revealed enhanced soil degradation and moderate marine stability. Preliminary data on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) validated the environmental benefits of these materials. Overall, the study presents a promising strategy for eco-friendly packaging, combining circular economy principles with functional performance. Future work should optimize moisture resistance and broaden antimicrobial efficacy to meet industrial standards.

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