Coccia, Armando (2022) The Biomechanical Study of Gait for the Design of Custom Orthoses. [Tesi di dottorato]
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| Tipologia del documento: | Tesi di dottorato |
|---|---|
| Lingua: | English |
| Titolo: | The Biomechanical Study of Gait for the Design of Custom Orthoses |
| Autori: | Autore Email Coccia, Armando armando.coccia@unina.it |
| Data: | 13 Dicembre 2022 |
| Numero di pagine: | 142 |
| Istituzione: | Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II |
| Dipartimento: | Ingegneria Elettrica e delle Tecnologie dell'Informazione |
| Dottorato: | Information and Communication Technology for Health |
| Ciclo di dottorato: | 35 |
| Coordinatore del Corso di dottorato: | nome email Riccio, Daniele daniele.riccio@unina.it |
| Tutor: | nome email Amato, Francesco [non definito] |
| Data: | 13 Dicembre 2022 |
| Numero di pagine: | 142 |
| Parole chiave: | Gait Analysis, Ankle-Foot Orthosis, Biomechanical Modelling, Gait Kinematics, Foot Drop. |
| Settori scientifico-disciplinari del MIUR: | Area 09 - Ingegneria industriale e dell'informazione > ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria elettronica e informatica |
| Depositato il: | 25 Gen 2023 01:19 |
| Ultima modifica: | 09 Apr 2025 14:20 |
| URI: | http://www.fedoa.unina.it/id/eprint/14639 |
Abstract
Orthoses are medical devices or, more generally, orthopaedic systems, which are applied externally to the human body in order to influence the structural and functional characteristics of the neuromuscular and skeletal system, supporting the patient in performing a function. Ankle-Foot Orthosis (AFO) are applied on the ankle and provide support to the joint particularly during walking. Foot Drop (FD) syndrome is certainly one of the most common gait abnormalities treated with ankle-foot orthoses. This neuromuscular disorder is characterized by the partial or total inability to raise the foot from the ankle (dorsiflexion). During walking, this is reflected in the dragging on the ground of the toes during the swing phase of the limb, and in the irregular forefoot impact that precedes the usual ground impact of the heel. The use of orthotics can improve the impaired walking mechanics. Nowadays, thanks to the diffusion and availability of advanced systems for design and production, orthopaedic centres are increasingly adopting the practice of producing custom orthoses on the patient’s needs. The present work is focused on this research area, and aims to present functional gait analysis methodologies that can provide support and improve current custom orthosis design and manufacturing processes. Specifically, a platform has been developed which enables the integration of data from a 3D motion capture system into a customized biomechanical model for the study of lower limb kinematics and dynamics. Anthropometric and biomechanical parameters have been identified that are computed and exported from the platform, and allow, first, the more in-depth customisation of the orthosis on the basis of the functional assessment, and also, the validation of the structure of the device through numerical Finite Element Analysis (FEA), before its actual production. This represents an incremental innovation with respect to the state of the art where the customisation process is only based on morphological information of the body district.
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