Giuzio, Giovanni Francesco (2022) Implementation of sustainable systems towards Net Zero Energy Infrastructures: methodology and design criteria. [Tesi di dottorato]

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The higher global temperatures associated with global warming are causing catastrophic climatic events and disrupting local ecosystems. A deep transformation of all human systems is imperative in order to limit global warming. An unprecedented reduction in the use of primary energy is necessary to achieve a climate-neutral society. Among others, there is the urgent need to renovate the building heritage and rethink the way we design new constructions. Infrastructures and public buildings can serve as virtuous examples in the common challenge of achieving the goal of net-zero energy, or the more ambitious net-zero emissions. This thesis, which is one of the main outcomes of a three-year Ph.D. program in Industrial Engineering at the University of Naples Federico II, presents and discusses the results of the research activity conducted on energy efficiency solutions for buildings. In particular, the study focuses on infrastructure buildings such as railway stations, airports, ports, etc. which are experiencing important changes as the demand for mobility is growing fast. The goal of this dissertation is threefold. First, the research aims at exploring the current practices and technologies suitable for the construction and operation of transportation buildings. Second, the analysis targets to identify innovative solutions and methodologies to improve the sustainability and carbon footprint of these infrastructures. Third, the study intends to provide guidelines for designing low-consuming buildings as well as renovating existing ones in order to substitute traditional systems that no longer suit the new decarbonization needs. In order to achieve these goals, this work makes extensive use of numerical simulation; specifically, a novel workflow based on Building Information Modeling to Building Energy Modeling (BIM2BEM) was developed, identifying it as a valuable tool for architects and engineers. With the aim of exploring a wide range of energy efficiency measures, four case studies developed during my doctoral studies are analysed as they represent relevant examples of four infrastructure building categories: maritime stations, railway stations, airports, and railway technical buildings. From all the carried-out analyses, I demonstrated the potential of the proposed methodology to investigate the implementation of sustainable systems and measures in high-energy performance infrastructure buildings; promising results are, in fact, achieved from energy, economic and environmental points of view. Finally, useful design criteria are extrapolated from this study to increase the current knowledge about energy-saving techniques in transportation infrastructures.

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