Ramos Lanciote, Diego (2024) Surdétermination: une recherche sur le fondement et le reflet dans l’écriture de pensée de Louis Althusser. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

This thesis has as its object Althusser's writings regarding his category of overdetermination, which responds to the problems of foundation and reflection, notions whose articulation is operated by the notion of ideology. Considering the treatment of the controversial problem of the inversion of dialectics, we start from the ambivalent and critical hypothesis regarding the interpretation, or image, of Hegel constructed by Althusser with the aim of radically distinguishing him from Marx. In this sense, two reactions to this image of Hegel highlight its great fragility, pointing, however, to a possibility of re-reading Hegel in view of the problem of becoming within the scope of etiological complexity. This reinterpretation finds its main parameters in Engels' late writings and above all with respect to the Doctrine of the Essence of the Science of Logic. It is then shown how Althusser refuses Engels' attempt to establish a new logic while at the same time using it to propose the category of overdetermination, which is done through appropriations of Freudian theoretical constructions. Finally, we investigate the reason why Spinoza plays a crucial role in relation to the Althusserian attempt, resulting in the hypothesis of hybrid and conflictive zones between Hegel and Spinoza, thus allowing us to rethink the Althusserian solution, which indicates the possibility of reinterpreting this conflict, reopening the entire problem of building a new logic of complex becomings.

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