Armiento, Samantha (2024) Microbial polysaccharides as flexible and renewable resources for innovative applications: structural and functional studies. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

The term “microbiota” stands for the complex of microorganisms present in a defined environment, which coexist with their hosts without damaging them. The balance of the microbiota can play a fundamental role in host health and disease conditions. An imbalance can contribute to the decrease of the host's immune defenses and exacerbate the virulence of even opportunistic commensal bacteria, which in this case become pathogenic. In this context, polysaccharides of the bacteria cell surface play a critical role because they are one of the principal molecules which interact with the host immune system. Among these, the most important in Gram-positive bacteria are teichoic acids (TAs), capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) and exopolysaccharides (EPSs). For these reasons, the main effort of this Ph.D. thesis is to isolate polysaccharides produced by Gram-positive bacteria of various microbiota with the aim to structurally characterized them and to investigate their immunological properties. Specifically, the obtained glycans come from: Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei CBA L74, Bacillus subtilis 168, Ruminococcus gnavus ATCC 35913, and Enterococcus faecium U0317.

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