| References: |
1. Almeida, R. and Allshire, R.C. (2005) RNA silencing and genome
regulation. Trends Cell Biol, 15, 251-258.
2. Aymerich, M.S., Alberdi, E.M., Martinez, A. and Becerra, S.P.
(2001) Evidence for pigment epithelium-derived factor receptors
in the neural retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 42, 3287-3293.
3. Baker, J.B. and Gronke, R.S. (1986) Protease nexins and cellular
regulation. Semin Thromb Hemost, 12, 216-220.
4. Banda, M.J., Rice, A.G., Griffin, G.L. and Senior, R.M. (1988)
The inhibitory complex of human alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor
and human leukocyte elastase is a neutrophil chemoattractant. J
Exp Med, 167, 1608-1615.
5. Bar-Shavit, R., Kahn, A., Mudd, M.S., Wilner, G.D., Mann, K.G.
and Fenton, J.W., 2nd. (1984) Localization of a chemotactic
domain in human thrombin. Biochemistry, 23, 397-400.
6. Bartel, D.P. (2004) MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism,
and function. Cell, 116, 281-297.
7. Baulcombe, D. (2004) RNA silencing in plants. Nature, 431, 356-
363.
8. Baulcombe, D. (2005) RNA silencing. Trends Biochem Sci, 30,
290-293.
9. Benda, P., Lightbody, J., Sato, G., Levine, L. and Sweet, W.
(1968) Differentiated rat glial cell strain in tissue culture.
Science, 161, 370-371.
10. Bernstein, E., Caudy, A.A., Hammond, S.M. and Hannon, G.J.
(2001) Role for a bidentate ribonuclease in the initiation step of
RNA interference. Nature, 409, 363-366.
11. Biales, B., Dichter, M. and Tischler, A. (1976) Electrical
excitability of cultured adrenal chromaffin cells. J Physiol, 262,
743-753.
12. Blasi, F., Ciarrocchi, A., Luddi, A., Strazza, M., Riccio, M., Santi,
S., Arcone, R., Pietropaolo, C., D'Angelo, R., Costantino-
Ceccarini, E. et al. (2002) Stage-specific gene expression in early
differentiating oligodendrocytes. Glia, 39, 114-123.
13. Bode, W. and Huber, R. (1992) Natural protein proteinase
inhibitors and their interaction with proteinases. Eur J Biochem,
204, 433-451.
14. Brummelkamp, T.R., Bernards, R. and Agami, R. (2002) A system
for stable expression of short interfering RNAs in mammalian
cells. Science, 296, 550-553.
15. Buchholz, M., Biebl, A., Neebetae, A., Wagner, M., Iwamura, T.,
Leder, G., Adler, G. and Gress, T.M. (2003) SERPINE2 (protease
nexin I) promotes extracellular matrix production and local
invasion of pancreatic tumors in vivo. Cancer Res, 63, 4945-
4951.
16. Carrell RW, P.P., Boswell DR. (1987) The serpins: evolution and
adaptation in a family of protease inhibitors. The serpins:
evolution and adaptation in a family of protease inhibitors., 52,
527-535.
17. Chen, X. (2004) A microRNA as a translational repressor of
APETALA2 in Arabidopsis flower development. Science, 303,
III
2022-2025.
18. Clark M, J.S., Leharach H, Lee R, Li F, Marra M, Eddy S, Hillier L,
Kucaba T, Martin J, Beck C, Wylie T, Underwood K, Stepoe M,
Theising B, Allen M, Bowers Y, Person B, Swaller T, Gibbons M,
Pape D, Harvey N, Schurk R, Ritter E, Kohn S, Shin T, Jackson Y,
Cardenas M, McCann R, Waterson R and Wilson R (1998)
Genbank, entry 9821294.
19. Cogoni, C., Irelan, J.T., Schumacher, M., Schmidhauser, T.J.,
Selker, E.U. and Macino, G. (1996) Transgene silencing of the al-
1 gene in vegetative cells of Neurospora is mediated by a
cytoplasmic effector and does not depend on DNA-DNA
interactions or DNA methylation. Embo J, 15, 3153-3163.
20. Coughlin, S.R. (1999) How the protease thrombin talks to cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 11023-11027.
21. Cox, D.W. and Billingsley, G.D. (1989) Rare deficiency types of
alpha 1-antitrypsin: electrophoretic variation and DNA
haplotypes. Am J Hum Genet, 44, 844-854.
22. Crisp, R.J., Knauer, D.J. and Knauer, M.F. (2000) Roles of the
heparin and low density lipid receptor-related protein-binding
sites of protease nexin 1 (PN1) in urokinase-PN1 complex
catabolism. The PN1 heparin-binding site mediates complex
retention and degradation but not cell surface binding or
internalization. J Biol Chem, 275, 19628-19637.
23. Cucina, A., Borrelli, V., Di Carlo, A., Pagliei, S., Corvino, V.,
Santoro-D'Angelo, L., Cavallaro, A. and Sterpetti, A.V. (1999)
Thrombin induces production of growth factors from aortic
smooth muscle cells. J Surg Res, 82, 61-66.
24. Cullen, B.R. (2003) Nuclear mRNA export: insights from virology.
Trends Biochem Sci, 28, 419-424.
25. Cunningham, D.D. (1992) Regulation of neuronal cells and
astrocytes by protease nexin-1 and thrombin. Ann N Y Acad Sci,
674, 228-236.
26. Cunningham, D.D. and Gurwitz, D. (1989) Proteolytic regulation
of neurite outgrowth from neuroblastoma cells by thrombin and
protease nexin-1. J Cell Biochem, 39, 55-64.
27. Cunningham, D.D., Pulliam, L. and Vaughan, P.J. (1993) Protease
nexin-1 and thrombin: injury-related processes in the brain.
Thromb Haemost, 70, 168-171.
28. Davis, R.L., Shrimpton, A.E., Holohan, P.D., Bradshaw, C.,
Feiglin, D., Collins, G.H., Sonderegger, P., Kinter, J., Becker,
L.M., Lacbawan, F. et al. (1999) Familial dementia caused by
polymerization of mutant neuroserpin. Nature, 401, 376-379.
29. Dawson, D.W., Volpert, O.V., Gillis, P., Crawford, S.E., Xu, H.,
Benedict, W. and Bouck, N.P. (1999) Pigment epithelium-derived
factor: a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. Science, 285, 245-248.
30. Debeir, T., Benavides, J. and Vige, X. (1998) Involvement of
protease-activated receptor-1 in the in vitro development of
mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. Neuroscience, 82, 739-
752.
31. Detwiler, T.C., Chang, A.C., Speziale, M.V., Browne, P.C.,
IV
Miller, J.J. and Chen, K. (1992) Complexes of thrombin with
proteins secreted by activated platelets. Semin Thromb Hemost,
18, 60-66.
32. Dichter, M.A., Tischler, A.S. and Greene, L.A. (1977) Nerve
growth factor-induced increase in electrical excitability and
acetylcholine sensitivity of a rat pheochromocytoma cell line.
Nature, 268, 501-504.
33. Donovan, F.M., Vaughan, P.J. and Cunningham, D.D. (1994)
Regulation of protease nexin-1 target protease specificity by
collagen type IV. J Biol Chem, 269, 17199-17205.
34. Drapkin, P.T., Monard, D. and Silverman, A.J. (2002) The role of
serine proteases and serine protease inhibitors in the migration
of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons. BMC Dev Biol, 2, 1.
35. Dykxhoorn, D.M., Novina, C.D. and Sharp, P.A. (2003) Killing the
messenger: short RNAs that silence gene expression. Nat Rev Mol
Cell Biol, 4, 457-467.
36. Eaton, D.L. and Baker, J.B. (1983) Evidence that a variety of
cultured cells secrete protease nexin and produce a distinct
cytoplasmic serine protease-binding factor. J Cell Physiol, 117,
175-182.
37. Elbashir, S.M., Harborth, J., Lendeckel, W., Yalcin, A., Weber,
K. and Tuschl, T. (2001) Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate
RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells. Nature, 411,
494-498.
38. Elliott, P.R., Abrahams, J.P. and Lomas, D.A. (1998) Wild-type
alpha 1-antitrypsin is in the canonical inhibitory conformation. J
Mol Biol, 275, 419-425.
39. Evans, D.L., McGrogan, M., Scott, R.W. and Carrell, R.W. (1991)
Protease specificity and heparin binding and activation of
recombinant protease nexin I. J Biol Chem, 266, 22307-22312.
40. Fagard, M., Boutet, S., Morel, J.B., Bellini, C. and Vaucheret, H.
(2000) AGO1, QDE-2, and RDE-1 are related proteins required for
post-transcriptional gene silencing in plants, quelling in fungi,
and RNA interference in animals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 97,
11650-11654.
41. Fenton, J.W., 2nd. (1988) Regulation of thrombin generation and
functions. Semin Thromb Hemost, 14, 234-240.
42. Festoff, B.W., Rao, J.S. and Hantai, D. (1991) Plasminogen
activators and inhibitors in the neuromuscular system: III. The
serpin protease nexin I is synthesized by muscle and localized at
neuromuscular synapses. J Cell Physiol, 147, 76-86.
43. Fire, A., Xu, S., Montgomery, M.K., Kostas, S.A., Driver, S.E. and
Mello, C.C. (1998) Potent and specific genetic interference by
double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature, 391,
806-811.
44. Gettins, P.G. (2002) Serpin structure, mechanism, and function.
Chem Rev, 102, 4751-4804.
45. Gil, J. and Esteban, M. (2000) Induction of apoptosis by the
dsRNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR): mechanism of action.
Apoptosis, 5, 107-114.
V
46. Gingrich, M.B. and Traynelis, S.F. (2000) Serine proteases and
brain damage - is there a link? Trends Neurosci, 23, 399-407.
47. Gloor, S., Odink, K., Guenther, J., Nick, H. and Monard, D.
(1986) A glia-derived neurite promoting factor with protease
inhibitory activity belongs to the protease nexins. Cell, 47, 687-
693.
48. Gossen, M. and Bujard, H. (1992) Tight control of gene
expression in mammalian cells by tetracycline-responsive
promoters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 89, 5547-5551.
49. Grabham, P. and Cunningham, D.D. (1995) Thrombin receptor
activation stimulates astrocyte proliferation and reversal of
stellation by distinct pathways: involvement of tyrosine
phosphorylation. J Neurochem, 64, 583-591.
50. Greene, L.A. and Rein, G. (1977) Release, storage and uptake of
catecholamines by a clonal cell line of nerve growth factor (NGF)
responsive pheo-chromocytoma cells. Brain Res, 129, 247-263.
51. Greene, L.A. and Rukenstein, A. (1981) Regulation of
acetylcholinesterase activity by nerve growth factor. Role of
transcription and dissociation from effects on proliferation and
neurite outgrowth. J Biol Chem, 256, 6363-6367.
52. Greene, L.A. and Tischler, A.S. (1976) Establishment of a
noradrenergic clonal line of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells
which respond to nerve growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,
73, 2424-2428.
53. Grimmond, S., Van Hateren, N., Siggers, P., Arkell, R., Larder,
R., Soares, M.B., de Fatima Bonaldo, M., Smith, L., Tymowska-
Lalanne, Z., Wells, C. et al. (2000) Sexually dimorphic expression
of protease nexin-1 and vanin-1 in the developing mouse gonad
prior to overt differentiation suggests a role in mammalian
sexual development. Hum Mol Genet, 9, 1553-1560.
54. Gurwitz, D. and Cunningham, D.D. (1990) Neurite outgrowth
activity of protease nexin-1 on neuroblastoma cells requires
thrombin inhibition. J Cell Physiol, 142, 155-162.
55. Hagglund, A.C., Ny, A., Liu, K. and Ny, T. (1996) Coordinated
and cell-specific induction of both physiological plasminogen
activators creates functionally redundant mechanisms for
plasmin formation during ovulation. Endocrinology, 137, 5671-
5677.
56. Hammond, S.M., Bernstein, E., Beach, D. and Hannon, G.J.
(2000) An RNA-directed nuclease mediates post-transcriptional
gene silencing in Drosophila cells. Nature, 404, 293-296.
57. Hillen, W., Unger, B. and Klock, G. (1982) Analysis of tet
operator-TET repressor complexes by thermal denaturation
studies. Nucleic Acids Res, 10, 6085-6097.
58. Hopkins, P.C. and Whisstock, J. (1994) Function of maspin.
Science, 265, 1893-1894.
59. Huntington, J.A. (2003) Mechanisms of glycosaminoglycan
activation of the serpins in hemostasis. J Thromb Haemost, 1,
1535-1549.
60. Huntington, J.A., Read, R.J. and Carrell, R.W. (2000) Structure
VI
of a serpin-protease complex shows inhibition by deformation.
Nature, 407, 923-926.
61. Irving, J.A., Pike, R.N., Lesk, A.M. and Whisstock, J.C. (2000)
Phylogeny of the serpin superfamily: implications of patterns of
amino acid conservation for structure and function. Genome Res,
10, 1845-1864.
62. Irving, J.A., Steenbakkers, P.J., Lesk, A.M., Op den Camp, H.J.,
Pike, R.N. and Whisstock, J.C. (2002) Serpins in prokaryotes. Mol
Biol Evol, 19, 1881-1890.
63. Jalink, K., van Corven, E.J., Hengeveld, T., Morii, N., Narumiya,
S. and Moolenaar, W.H. (1994) Inhibition of lysophosphatidateand
thrombin-induced neurite retraction and neuronal cell
rounding by ADP ribosylation of the small GTP-binding protein
Rho. J Cell Biol, 126, 801-810.
64. Janciauskiene, S. (2001) Conformational properties of serine
proteinase inhibitors (serpins) confer multiple pathophysiological
roles. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1535, 221-235.
65. Jesty, J. (1979) Dissociation of complexes and their derivatives
formed during inhibition of bovine thrombin and activated factor
X by antithrombin III. J Biol Chem, 254, 1044-1049.
66. Ketting, R.F. and Plasterk, R.H. (2000) A genetic link between
co-suppression and RNA interference in C. elegans. Nature, 404,
296-298.
67. Kim, S., Buonanno, A. and Nelson, P.G. (1998) Regulation of
prothrombin, thrombin receptor, and protease nexin-1
expression during development and after denervation in muscle.
J Neurosci Res, 53, 304-311.
68. Knauer, D.J., Majumdar, D., Fong, P.C. and Knauer, M.F. (2000)
SERPIN regulation of factor XIa. The novel observation that
protease nexin 1 in the presence of heparin is a more potent
inhibitor of factor XIa than C1 inhibitor. J Biol Chem, 275,
37340-37346.
69. Knauer, M.F., Hawley, S.B. and Knauer, D.J. (1997) Identification
of a binding site in protease nexin I (PN1) required for the
receptor mediated internalization of PN1-thrombin complexes. J
Biol Chem, 272, 12261-12264.
70. Knauer, M.F., Kridel, S.J., Hawley, S.B. and Knauer, D.J. (1997)
The efficient catabolism of thrombin-protease nexin 1 complexes
is a synergistic mechanism that requires both the LDL receptorrelated
protein and cell surface heparins. J Biol Chem, 272,
29039-29045.
71. Kretschmer-Kazemi Far, R. and Sczakiel, G. (2003) The activity
of siRNA in mammalian cells is related to structural target
accessibility: a comparison with antisense oligonucleotides.
Nucleic Acids Res, 31, 4417-4424.
72. Kurdowska, A. and Travis, J. (1990) Acute phase protein
stimulation by alpha 1-antichymotrypsin-cathepsin G complexes.
Evidence for the involvement of interleukin-6. J Biol Chem, 265,
21023-21026.
73. Kury, P., Schaeren-Wiemers, N. and Monard, D. (1997) Protease
VII
nexin-1 is expressed at the mouse met-/mesencephalic junction
and FGF signaling regulates its promoter activity in primary met-
/mesencephalic cells. Development, 124, 1251-1262.
74. Laemmli, U.K. (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the
assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, 227, 680-
685.
75. Ley, T.J., Anagnou, N.P., Pepe, G. and Nienhuis, A.W. (1982)
RNA processing errors in patients with beta-thalassemia. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A, 79, 4775-4779.
76. Ligoxygakis, P., Roth, S. and Reichhart, J.M. (2003) A serpin
regulates dorsal-ventral axis formation in the Drosophila embryo.
Curr Biol, 13, 2097-2102.
77. Liu, Z., Zhou, X., Shapiro, S.D., Shipley, J.M., Twining, S.S.,
Diaz, L.A., Senior, R.M. and Werb, Z. (2000) The serpin alpha1-
proteinase inhibitor is a critical substrate for gelatinase B/MMP-9
in vivo. Cell, 102, 647-655.
78. Luthi, A., Van der Putten, H., Botteri, F.M., Mansuy, I.M., Meins,
M., Frey, U., Sansig, G., Portet, C., Schmutz, M., Schroder, M. et
al. (1997) Endogenous serine protease inhibitor modulates
epileptic activity and hippocampal long-term potentiation. J
Neurosci, 17, 4688-4699.
79. Mangoura, D., Sakellaridis, N., Jones, J. and Vernadakis, A.
(1989) Early and late passage C-6 glial cell growth: similarities
with primary glial cells in culture. Neurochem Res, 14, 941-947.
80. Mansuy, I.M., van der Putten, H., Schmid, P., Meins, M., Botteri,
F.M. and Monard, D. (1993) Variable and multiple expression of
Protease Nexin-1 during mouse organogenesis and nervous
system development. Development, 119, 1119-1134.
81. Matzke, M.A. and Matzke, A.J. (1991) Differential inactivation
and methylation of a transgene in plants by two suppressor loci
containing homologous sequences. Plant Mol Biol, 16, 821-830.
82. Mbebi, C., Hantai, D., Jandrot-Perrus, M., Doyennette, M.A. and
Verdiere-Sahuque, M. (1999) Protease nexin I expression is upregulated
in human skeletal muscle by injury-related factors. J
Cell Physiol, 179, 305-314.
83. Meins, M., Piosik, P., Schaeren-Wiemers, N., Franzoni, S.,
Troncoso, E., Kiss, J.Z., Brosamle, C., Schwab, M.E., Molnar, Z.
and Monard, D. (2001) Progressive neuronal and motor
dysfunction in mice overexpressing the serine protease inhibitor
protease nexin-1 in postmitotic neurons. J Neurosci, 21, 8830-
8841.
84. Mendes de Aguiar, C.B., Garcez, R.C., Alvarez-Silva, M. and
Trentin, A.G. (2002) Undersulfation of proteoglycans and
proteins alter C6 glioma cells proliferation, adhesion and
extracellular matrix organization. Int J Dev Neurosci, 20, 563-
571.
85. Molinari, F., Meskanaite, V., Munnich, A., Sonderegger, P. and
Colleaux, L. (2003) Extracellular proteases and their inhibitors in
genetic diseases of the central nervous system. Hum Mol Genet,
12 Spec No 2, R195-200.
VIII
86. Moll, S., Schaeren-Wiemers, N., Wohlwend, A., Pastore, Y.,
Fulpius, T., Monard, D., Sappino, A.P., Schifferli, J.A., Vassalli,
J.D. and Izui, S. (1996) Protease nexin 1 in the murine kidney:
glomerular localization and up-regulation in glomerulopathies.
Kidney Int, 50, 1936-1945.
87. Monard, D. (1988) Cell-derived proteases and protease inhibitors
as regulators of neurite outgrowth. Trends Neurosci, 11, 541-
544.
88. Murer, V., Spetz, J.F., Hengst, U., Altrogge, L.M., de Agostini, A.
and Monard, D. (2001) Male fertility defects in mice lacking the
serine protease inhibitor protease nexin-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S
A, 98, 3029-3033.
89. Napoli, C., Lemieux, C. and Jorgensen, R. (1990) Introduction of
a Chimeric Chalcone Synthase Gene into Petunia Results in
Reversible Co-Suppression of Homologous Genes in trans. Plant
Cell, 2, 279-289.
90. Neumann, S., Petfalski, E., Brugger, B., Grosshans, H., Wieland,
F., Tollervey, D. and Hurt, E. (2003) Formation and nuclear
export of tRNA, rRNA and mRNA is regulated by the ubiquitin
ligase Rsp5p. EMBO Rep, 4, 1156-1162.
91. Niclou, S.P., Suidan, H.S., Pavlik, A., Vejsada, R. and Monard, D.
(1998) Changes in the expression of protease-activated receptor
1 and protease nexin-1 mRNA during rat nervous system
development and after nerve lesion. Eur J Neurosci, 10, 1590-
1607.
92. Noda-Heiny, H., Fujii, S. and Sobel, B.E. (1993) Induction of
vascular smooth muscle cell expression of plasminogen activator
inhibitor-1 by thrombin. Circ Res, 72, 36-43.
93. Ohlsson, K. and Laurell, C.B. (1976) The disappearance of
enzyme-inhibitor complexes from the circulation of man. Clin Sci
Mol Med, 51, 87-92.
94. Paddison, P.J., Caudy, A.A. and Hannon, G.J. (2002) Stable
suppression of gene expression by RNAi in mammalian cells. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A, 99, 1443-1448.
95. Palauqui, J.C., Elmayan, T., Pollien, J.M. and Vaucheret, H.
(1997) Systemic acquired silencing: transgene-specific posttranscriptional
silencing is transmitted by grafting from silenced
stocks to non-silenced scions. Embo J, 16, 4738-4745.
96. Parker, K.K., Norenberg, M.D. and Vernadakis, A. (1980)
"Transdifferentiation" of C6 glial cells in culture. Science, 208,
179-181.
97. Patston, P.A. (2000) Serpins and other serine protease inhibitors.
Immunol Today, 21, 354.
98. Perez Canadillas, J.M. and Varani, G. (2003) Recognition of GUrich
polyadenylation regulatory elements by human CstF-64
protein. Embo J, 22, 2821-2830.
99. Pires Neto, M.A., Braga-de-Souza, S. and Lent, R. (1999)
Extracellular matrix molecules play diverse roles in the growth
and guidance of central nervous system axons. Braz J Med Biol
Res, 32, 633-638.
IX
100. Poulin, G., Nandakumar, R. and Ahringer, J. (2004) Genomewide
RNAi screens in Caenorhabditis elegans: impact on cancer
research. Oncogene, 23, 8340-8345.
101. Ragg, H., Lokot, T., Kamp, P.B., Atchley, W.R. and Dress, A.
(2001) Vertebrate serpins: construction of a conflict-free
phylogeny by combining exon-intron and diagnostic site analyses.
Mol Biol Evol, 18, 577-584.
102. Reinhard, E., Suidan, H.S., Pavlik, A. and Monard, D. (1994) Gliaderived
nexin/protease nexin-1 is expressed by a subset of
neurons in the rat brain. J Neurosci Res, 37, 256-270.
103. Richard, B., Arocas, V., Guillin, M.C., Michel, J.B., Jandrot-
Perrus, M. and Bouton, M.C. (2004) Protease nexin-1: a cellular
serpin down-regulated by thrombin in rat aortic smooth muscle
cells. J Cell Physiol, 201, 138-145.
104. Rovelli, G., Stone, S.R., Guidolin, A., Sommer, J. and Monard, D.
(1992) Characterization of the heparin-binding site of gliaderived
nexin/protease nexin-1. Biochemistry, 31, 3542-3549.
105. Rushlow, C. (2004) Dorsoventral patterning: a serpin pinned
down at last. Curr Biol, 14, R16-18.
106. Saksela, O. and Rifkin, D.B. (1988) Cell-associated plasminogen
activation: regulation and physiological functions. Annu Rev Cell
Biol, 4, 93-126.
107. Sambrook, J. Fritsch, E.F. Maniatis, T. (1989) Molecular cloning a
laboratory manual. Second edition, Cold Spring Harbour
Laboratory Press.
108. Schechter, I. and Berger, A. (1967) On the size of the active site
in proteases. I. Papain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 27, 157-
162.
109. Schuster, M.G., Enriquez, P.M., Curran, P., Cooperman, B.S. and
Rubin, H. (1992) Regulation of neutrophil superoxide by
antichymotrypsin-chymotrypsin complexes. J Biol Chem, 267,
5056-5059.
110. Scott, R.W., Bergman, B.L., Bajpai, A., Hersh, R.T., Rodriguez,
H., Jones, B.N., Barreda, C., Watts, S. and Baker, J.B. (1985)
Protease nexin. Properties and a modified purification
procedure. J Biol Chem, 260, 7029-7034.
111. Seegers, W.H. (1986) Postclotting fates of thrombin. Semin
Thromb Hemost, 12, 181-183.
112. Shea, T.B. (1995) Role of glial-derived nexin in neuronal
differentiation and in acute brain injury and potential
involvement in exacerbation of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's
disease. Brain Res Brain Res Rev, 20, 171-184.
113. Shikamoto, Y. and Morita, T. (1999) Expression of factor X in
both the rat brain and cells of the central nervous system. FEBS
Lett, 463, 387-389.
114. Silverman, G.A., Bird, P.I., Carrell, R.W., Church, F.C.,
Coughlin, P.B., Gettins, P.G., Irving, J.A., Lomas, D.A., Luke,
C.J., Moyer, R.W. et al. (2001) The serpins are an expanding
superfamily of structurally similar but functionally diverse
proteins. Evolution, mechanism of inhibition, novel functions,
X
and a revised nomenclature. J Biol Chem, 276, 33293-33296.
115. Smith-Swintosky, V.L., Zimmer, S., Fenton, J.W., 2nd and
Mattson, M.P. (1995) Opposing actions of thrombin and protease
nexin-1 on amyloid beta-peptide toxicity and on accumulation of
peroxides and calcium in hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem,
65, 1415-1418.
116. Sommer, J., Gloor, S.M., Rovelli, G.F., Hofsteenge, J., Nick, H.,
Meier, R. and Monard, D. (1987) cDNA sequence coding for a rat
glia-derived nexin and its homology to members of the serpin
superfamily. Biochemistry, 26, 6407-6410.
117. Steele, F.R., Chader, G.J., Johnson, L.V. and Tombran-Tink, J.
(1993) Pigment epithelium-derived factor: neurotrophic activity
and identification as a member of the serine protease inhibitor
gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90, 1526-1530.
118. Stiernberg, J., Redin, W.R., Warner, W.S. and Carney, D.H.
(1993) The role of thrombin and thrombin receptor activating
peptide (TRAP-508) in initiation of tissue repair. Thromb
Haemost, 70, 158-162.
119. Stone, S.R., Brown-Luedi, M.L., Rovelli, G., Guidolin, A.,
McGlynn, E. and Monard, D. (1994) Localization of the heparinbinding
site of glia-derived nexin/protease nexin-1 by sitedirected
mutagenesis. Biochemistry, 33, 7731-7735.
120. Strehlow, D., Jelaska, A., Strehlow, K. and Korn, J.H. (1999) A
potential role for protease nexin 1 overexpression in the
pathogenesis of scleroderma. J Clin Invest, 103, 1179-1190.
121. Sui, G., Soohoo, C., Affar el, B., Gay, F., Shi, Y., Forrester, W.C.
and Shi, Y. (2002) A DNA vector-based RNAi technology to
suppress gene expression in mammalian cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci
U S A, 99, 5515-5520.
122. Tang, G. (2005) siRNA and miRNA: an insight into RISCs. Trends
Biochem Sci, 30, 106-114.
123. Tischler, A.S. and Greene, L.A. (1978) Morphologic and
cytochemical properties of a clonal line of rat adrenal
pheochromocytoma cells which respond to nerve growth factor.
Lab Invest, 39, 77-89.
124. Towbin, H., Staehelin, T. and Gordon, J. (1979) Electrophoretic
transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose
sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S
A, 76, 4350-4354.
125. Triezenberg, S.J., Kingsbury, R.C. and McKnight, S.L. (1988)
Functional dissection of VP16, the trans-activator of herpes
simplex virus immediate early gene expression. Genes Dev, 2,
718-729.
126. Triezenberg, S.J., LaMarco, K.L. and McKnight, S.L. (1988)
Evidence of DNA: protein interactions that mediate HSV-1
immediate early gene activation by VP16. Genes Dev, 2, 730-
742.
127. Turgeon, V.L. and Houenou, L.J. (1997) The role of thrombin-like
(serine) proteases in the development, plasticity and pathology
of the nervous system. Brain Res Brain Res Rev, 25, 85-95.
XI
128. Turgeon, V.L., Lloyd, E.D., Wang, S., Festoff, B.W. and
Houenou, L.J. (1998) Thrombin perturbs neurite outgrowth and
induces apoptotic cell death in enriched chick spinal motoneuron
cultures through caspase activation. J Neurosci, 18, 6882-6891.
129. Vaistij, F.E., Jones, L. and Baulcombe, D.C. (2002) Spreading of
RNA targeting and DNA methylation in RNA silencing requires
transcription of the target gene and a putative RNA-dependent
RNA polymerase. Plant Cell, 14, 857-867.
130. van der Krol, A.R., Mol, J.N. and Stuitje, A.R. (1988) Antisense
genes in plants: an overview. Gene, 72, 45-50.
131. van Gent, D., Sharp, P., Morgan, K. and Kalsheker, N. (2003)
Serpins: structure, function and molecular evolution. Int J
Biochem Cell Biol, 35, 1536-1547.
132. Vernadakis, A., Kentroti, S., Brodie, C., Mangoura, D. and
Sakellaridis, N. (1991) C-6 glioma cells of early passage have
progenitor properties in culture. Adv Exp Med Biol, 296, 181-
195.
133. Vouret-Craviari, V., Van Obberghen-Schilling, E., Rasmussen,
U.B., Pavirani, A., Lecocq, J.P. and Pouyssegur, J. (1992)
Synthetic alpha-thrombin receptor peptides activate G proteincoupled
signaling pathways but are unable to induce
mitogenesis. Mol Biol Cell, 3, 95-102.
134. Wilmouth, R.C., Edman, K., Neutze, R., Wright, P.A., Clifton,
I.J., Schneider, T.R., Schofield, C.J. and Hajdu, J. (2001) X-ray
snapshots of serine protease catalysis reveal a tetrahedral
intermediate. Nat Struct Biol, 8, 689-694.
135. Wolfer, D.P., Lang, R., Cinelli, P., Madani, R. and Sonderegger,
P. (2001) Multiple roles of neurotrypsin in tissue morphogenesis
and nervous system development suggested by the mRNA
expression pattern. Mol Cell Neurosci, 18, 407-433.
136. Woodcock, D.M., Crowther, P.J., Doherty, J., Jefferson, S.,
DeCruz, E., Noyer-Weidner, M., Smith, S.S., Michael, M.Z. and
Graham, M.W. (1989) Quantitative evaluation of Escherichia coli
host strains for tolerance to cytosine methylation in plasmid and
phage recombinants. Nucleic Acids Res, 17, 3469-3478.
137. Ye, S., Cech, A.L., Belmares, R., Bergstrom, R.C., Tong, Y.,
Corey, D.R., Kanost, M.R. and Goldsmith, E.J. (2001) The
structure of a Michaelis serpin-protease complex. Nat Struct
Biol, 8, 979-983.
138. Yoshida, S. and Shiosaka, S. (1999) Plasticity-related serine
proteases in the brain (review). Int J Mol Med, 3, 405-409. |
