Renkler Degirmenci, Nergis Zeynep (2025) Design and Fabrication of Polymeric Composite Platforms Using Electro-Fluid Dynamic Techniques for Biomedical Applications. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

Over the last two decades, electro-fluid dynamic techniques (EFDT), including electrospinning and electrospraying, have been established as general methods for the synthesis and processing of micro- and nano-structured materials. These methods allow working with certain polymers of both natural and synthetic origin giving a novel possibility of engineering new generation materials for medical needs. Due to the ability to customize such material features as fiber shape, available area, and tensile strength, EFDT is regarded as a crucial means for a wide range of new applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biosensing. This thesis investigates the potential of EFDT for the fabrication of advanced polymeric composite platforms and their use in biomedical areas. The research primarily focuses on the use of electrospinning and electrospraying for creating nanofibers and microgels with specific properties for tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biosensing applications. The study displays the enhancements of properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) as a material starting point and by modifying of its compositions e.g. by blending it with natural polymers such as gelatin and by complexation with MXenes. PVA was selected due to its excellent biocompatibility, water solubility, and film-forming properties, which make it an ideal candidate for biomedical applications. Structural, mechanical and functional properties of the fabricated nano fibrous scaffolds were able to enhance cell adhesion, proliferation and bioactivity. Moreover, electro-sprayed core-shell alginate microspheres exhibited sustained release characteristics and targeted drug delivery with adjustable release kinetics depending on shell thickness and macromolecular structure. The thesis proposes creating biomedical materials in a more sustainable way by utilizing aqueous-based electrospinning and green crosslinking. These environmentally friendly approaches tackle problems like reproducibility, scalability and biocompatibility within the context of biomedical material fabrication. The results support the development of advanced biomaterials targeted for the era of personalized medicine, precision drug delivery systems and regenerative therapies.

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