Saccone, Gabriele (2023) Aerobic exercise in pregnancy for prevention of postpartum depression. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

Introduction: Benefits associated with exercise in pregnancy include lower incidence of diabetes mellitus, and hypertensive disorders, while data on exercise in prevention of postpartum depression are limited. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether antenatal exercise decreases the incidence of postpartum depression. Methods: This was a single-center observational study. Included participants were divided to either exercise or control group. Women in the intervention group were those who performed aerobic exercise during pregnancy, women in the control group were those who did not. Exercise during pregnancy was defined as exercise program including an aerobic exercise program three days per week (60 minutes per session) from the first trimester until at least 30 weeks. Self-reported postpartum depressive symptoms, assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) 3- months after delivery, was the primary endpoint of the study. Results: Women who performed aerobic exercise, at least 3 times per week, during pregnancy, had significantly lower risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (11/116 vs 33/123; RR 0.35, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.67; p=0.001); and lower rate of EPDS score ≥12 (17/116 vs 32/123; RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.93; p=0.03). Moreover, those who received EPDS score ≥12, had a lower risk of postpartum depression diagnosis at SCID-5, in case of exercise during pregnancy (5/17 vs 22/32; RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.93; p=0.03). Conclusions: Among pregnant women, routine aerobic exercise during pregnancy, decreases the incidence of postpartum depression

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