Maraviglia, Chiara (2025) Exploring single-cell proteins as bio-based adsorbent for heavy metals removal from contaminated marine environments. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

This study explores the potential of bio-based materials for the adsorption and immobilization of heavy metals in marine environments, with a focus on their application in active capping systems for the remediation of contaminated sediments. Two strategies were examined: the use of single-cell proteins (SCP) as raw adsorbents and their incorporation into electrospun cellulose acetate fibers (CASCP). Batch adsorption tests showed that SCP efficiently removed Zn and Cr from synthetic seawater, exhibiting a higher affinity for Cr and synergistic behaviour when combined with activated carbon, confirming their potential as sustainable adsorbents derived from agro-industrial by-products. To address the solubility and compositional variability of SCP, the research also developed composite electrospun fibers in which SCP were embedded within a cellulose acetate matrix. CASCP fibers demonstrated significant adsorption capacity and marked selectivity toward Pb, driven by the synergistic interaction between cellulose acetate and protein-based functional groups. Overall, the results confirm the feasibility of using single-cell proteins and polymer-protein composites as innovative tools for metal remediation in aquatic environments. Their affinity for heavy metals, environmental compatibility, and potential for integration into active capping systems highlight a viable pathway toward innovative and sustainable remediation technologies.

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