Cuneo, Davide (2026) Advanced instrumentation for AC loss measurement and quench detection in HTS accelerator magnets. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

High-Temperature Superconductors (HTS) are regarded as the most promising technology for generating magnetic fields exceeding 16T, necessary to enable higher beam energies in future particle accelerators. However, they pose critical challenges in terms of magnet protection and stability, mainly due to the difficulty of detecting quench events and managing AC losses. This thesis contributes to addressing these challenges by proposing advanced diagnostics. First, the design of a dedicated system for AC-losses measurement in ramped magnets is presented, supported by a Monte Carlo analysis to evaluate the associated uncertainties. Second, the first HTS coil prototype in “uni-layer” configuration is introduced. This CORC®-based prototype was developed with a dual purpose: serving as a magnet demonstrator to prove the adoption of this configuration to wind ReBCO-based wires for small-aperture magnets with minimal current degradation and to provide a realistic platform for testing advanced instrumentation. Third, an ultrasonic waveguide sensor for distributed temperature monitoring is proposed. The study details the sensor’s design, its integration through co-winding, and its testing within the previously developed magnet-like prototype. The results validate its performance across multiple experimental configurations, establishing the basis for future implementation on HTS coils. Finally, Machine Learning models are adopted for quench detection and localization. Their performances are benchmarked against state of the art interpretable models on the same LTS dataset, providing a basis for future extension to HTS magnets.

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