Zaheer, Ayesha (2025) Robust 2D Ti₃C₂ MXene/AuNPs Nanocomposites for Biosensing Application. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Abstract

MXenes, a prominent class of two-dimensional (2D) materials composed of layered transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, have attracted significant research interest due to their exceptional physicochemical properties. Since their initial synthesis in 2011, substantial advancements have been made in their fabrication, characterization, and potential applications, particularly in sensing and healthcare technologies. This study provides an in-depth investigation into the synthesis, size control, and functionalization of MXenes, with a particular focus on their integration into biosensing applications. A key aspect of this research is the controlled synthesis of Ti₃C₂ MXene, ensuring high-quality, stable, single- and few-layer flakes through refined etching and delamination techniques. The study also emphasizes the control of lateral flake size via ultrasonication, enabling monodisperse colloidal solutions with enhanced surface reactivity for nanocomposite formation. Furthermore, the development of MXene-gold nanoparticle (MX@AuNPs) composites is explored, optimizing their optical and plasmonic properties for biosensing applications. The functionalization of these composites with antibodies using a photochemical immobilization technique (PIT) is investigated to enhance their specificity and sensitivity in detecting target biomolecules. Through a systematic approach, this research bridges the gap between MXene material synthesis and practical applications. By integrating synthesis methodologies, size optimization, and functionalization strategies, the study establishes a comprehensive framework for developing advanced MXene-based biosensors. The findings contribute to the broader field of nanotechnology, demonstrating the potential of MXene-based materials for real-world applications, particularly in environmental and healthcare monitoring

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