Borrelli, Luca (2015) THE MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS. A STUDY IN ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO). [Tesi di dottorato]

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Tipologia del documento: Tesi di dottorato
Lingua: English
Titolo: THE MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS. A STUDY IN ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO)
Autori:
AutoreEmail
Borrelli, Lucaluca.borrelli@unina.it
Data: 30 Marzo 2015
Numero di pagine: 122
Istituzione: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Dipartimento: Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche
Scuola di dottorato: Scienze veterinarie per la produzione e la sanità
Dottorato: Organismi modello nella ricerca biomedica e veterinaria
Ciclo di dottorato: 27
Coordinatore del Corso di dottorato:
nomeemail
de Girolamo, Paolopaolo.degirolamo@unina.it
Tutor:
nomeemail
Fioretti, Alessandro[non definito]
Data: 30 Marzo 2015
Numero di pagine: 122
Parole chiave: Microbiota-Gut-brain-axis; zebrafish; BDNF; behavior
Settori scientifico-disciplinari del MIUR: Area 07 - Scienze agrarie e veterinarie > VET/05 - Malattie infettive degli animali domestici
Depositato il: 10 Apr 2015 05:46
Ultima modifica: 14 Ott 2015 12:14
URI: http://www.fedoa.unina.it/id/eprint/10221
DOI: 10.6092/UNINA/FEDOA/10221

Abstract

The microbiota is essential in the host's physiology, development, reproduction, immune system, nutrient metabolism, in brain chemistry and behavior. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the bidirectional gut–brain axis, a communication that integrates the gut and central nervous system (CNS) activities, and thus, the concept of microbiota–gut–brain axis is emerging where the microbes have considered as signaling components in the gut-brain axis. Animal studies reveals, in particular, that gut bacteria influence the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, and behavior specially after probiotic administration. How this alterations in brain chemistry are related to specific behavioral changes is unclear but it will likely be a focus of future research efforts. Among these animal studies, to our knowledge, no studies on the microbiota–gut–brain axis in zebrafish (Danio rerio) have been carried out. We hypothesized that a continuous administration of an exogenous probiotic might also influence the host's behavior and neurochemical gene expression. The purpose of this study was to determine whether probiotic strain can modulate gut commensal bacteria influencing brain neurochemistry and behavior in zebrafish. Thus, we treated adult zebrafish for 28 days with Lactobacillus rhamnosus, a probiotic strain which is one of the main components of the commensal microflora of human intestinal tract and it is widely used as a probiotic in mammals to adult male and female AB wild tipe zebrafish. We established differences between treated with probiotic strain and control group in shoaling behavior pattern, using a Video Tracker software; we quantified brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression by using RT-qPCR; we at last analyzed the microbiota profiles within two experimental groups by sing the culture-independent methods such as Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). The probiotic treated group, compared to the control group, showed a statistically significant near two-fold increase in BDNF gene expression, different shoaling behavioural pattern and a shift in microbiota composition with a significant increase of Firmicutes and a reduction of Proteobacteria. The results of each approach may support the existence of a microbiota–gut–brain axis, in adult zebrafish and in line with numerous animal studies we can speculate that microbiota manipulation could influence behavior and brain expression of BDNF.

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