Maresca, Viviana (2020) Biomarkers of environmental stress in different plants (Marcatori molecolari di inquinamento ambientale in diverse piante). [Tesi di dottorato]

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To evaluate the responses to heavy metal stress, the effects of As and Cd toxicity in Coriandrum sativum and Brassica napus L. and the possible treatments to mitigate these effects were studied. Therefore, it has been used a Triacontanol (TRIA) growth regulator, is reported to stimulate plant growth at a very low concentration when exogenously applied to various plant species. The effects of heavy metals on two bryophytes Leptodictyum riparium (exposed in vitro and in field) and Lunularia cruciata (gathered in field) were studied thereafter. Because of their ancientness and their peculiar phylogenetic position bryophytes are fundamental for the elucidation of important aspects of the plant evolutionary history, including traits of metal detoxification and homeostasis. We have been studied the changes in the chemical profile of essential oils and antioxidant enzymes activity in Mentha x piperita L. (Mitcham variety) and Mentha arvensis L. (var. piperascens), in response to heat stress. In addition, it has been used salicylic acid (SA) and melatonin (M), two brassinosteroids that play an important role in regulating physiological processes, to assess their potential to mitigate heat stress. The effects of nitrogen (N) deposition, tropospheric ozone (O3) and their interaction were investigated in two Mediterranean tree species, Fraxinus ornus L. (deciduous) and Quercus ilex L. (evergreen), having different leaf habits and resource use strategies. An experiment was conducted under controlled condition to analyse how nitrogen deposition affects the ecophysiological and biochemical traits, and to explore how the nitrogen-induced changes influence the response to O3.

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