Russo, Teresa (2011) Design and Preparation of 3D Multifunctional Scaffolds with Enhanced and Tailored Biomechanical Properties. [Tesi di dottorato] (Inedito)

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Abstract

In the field of tissue engineering, polymeric and micro/nanocomposite substrates with suitable architectural features, mechanical, transport and surface properties are normally required according to specific applications. In this context, the present research has been divided into two different steps evidencing some strategies to develop 3D multifunctional scaffolds with enhanced and tailored performances. The first step highlights the possibility to extend a precisely controlled two-step procedure to immobilize RGD motifs on 3D rapid prototyped PCL scaffolds. In particular, the aim was to design 3D advanced scaffolds through 3D Fiber Deposition technique, that are able to guide cell functions, benefiting from an approach to control morphology, spatial distribution of surface treatment, as well as macro-, micro-, nano- mechanical performances. Nanoindentation and tensile measurements on the PCL fibers of 3D scaffolds have allowed to understand the effects of the surface modification via aminolysis. Furthermore, the efficacy of both functionalization and bioactivation was monitored by analytically quantifying functional groups and/or peptides at the interface. Cell adhesion studies verified the correct presentation of the peptide with enhanced cell attachment. On the other hand, the second step of the research was mainly focused on the design of 3D PCL/biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposite scaffolds for hard tissue regeneration. Accordingly, 3D fiber-deposited PCL/Mg,CO3-substituted HA nanocomposite scaffolds were developed and the effects of the biomimetic HA nanoparticles on the biological and mechanical performances were suitably evaluated.

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