Gargiulo, Bonaventura
(2020)
New techniques for quasi-isothermal volumetric machines and their use in thermodynamic cycles.
[Tesi di dottorato]
Abstract
This work deals with the usage of miniaturized exchangers to cool down a compressed gas during the compression phase of reciprocating compressors. The aim is to obtain a polytropic compression with a low mean exponent. This work approach is mainly experimental. This work is also part of a long-term project on a small plant for electric power generation using volumetric machines. The goal of the entire project is the realization of a small plant, of an electric power output from 1 to 3 kW, that must exploit low temperature thermal sources (up to 250 °C / 523 K). To compete with more affirmed technologies, it is necessary to limit the engines costs and maintenance costs. Small reciprocating machines usually require more maintenance than other machines, but they are relatively cheap and the maintenance itself does not require highly specialized manpower (at least not for ordinary maintenance). For this reason, such machines have been chosen for this project.
An analysis on thermodynamic cycles at low maximum temperature has been performed and it is reported in paragraph 1.5. This analysis shows that the compression and the expansion must have low polytropic exponents, in order to achieve any work output from low temperature thermal sources. This work analyses in details the compressor and proposes a method to achieve a compression as close as possible to an isothermal: the use of a gas-liquid Micro Channel Heat Exchanger (MCHE) inside the compression chamber.
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