Vallone, Federica (2017) Stress and wellbeing in nursing: A multi-dimensional approach. [Tesi di dottorato]

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Tipologia del documento:	Tesi di dottorato
Lingua:	English
Titolo:	Stress and wellbeing in nursing: A multi-dimensional approach
Autori:	Autore Email Vallone, Federica federica.vallone@unina.it
Data:	7 Aprile 2017
Numero di pagine:	350
Istituzione:	Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Dipartimento:	Studi Umanistici
Dottorato:	Human mind and gender studies
Ciclo di dottorato:	29
Coordinatore del Corso di dottorato:	nome email Striano, Maura maura.striano@unina.it
Tutor:	nome email Zurlo, Maria Clelia [non definito]
Data:	7 Aprile 2017
Numero di pagine:	350
Parole chiave:	Stress in Nursing; transactional models of stress; gender differences; individual differences; Work-Life Balance; job satisfaction; Perceived Positive Life; psychophysical health conditions; Health-adverse behaviours
Settori scientifico-disciplinari del MIUR:	Area 11 - Scienze storiche, filosofiche, pedagogiche e psicologiche > M-PSI/03 - Psicometria Area 11 - Scienze storiche, filosofiche, pedagogiche e psicologiche > M-PSI/06 - Psicologia del lavoro e delle organizzazioni Area 11 - Scienze storiche, filosofiche, pedagogiche e psicologiche > M-PSI/07 - Psicologia dinamica Area 11 - Scienze storiche, filosofiche, pedagogiche e psicologiche > M-PSI/08 - Psicologia clinica
Depositato il:	21 Apr 2017 21:09
Ultima modifica:	08 Mar 2018 11:32
URI:	http://www.fedoa.unina.it/id/eprint/11600
DOI:	10.6093/UNINA/FEDOA/11600

Abstract

Background and Objectives: In recent years, the interest in health care workers’ wellbeing has increased, and, in particular, several studies have recognised the nursing as one of the professions at higher health risk. Research in the field of Occupational stress has changed, leading to the development of multi-dimensional perspectives, to a greater understanding of work-related stress. Particularly, above all, the Demands Resources and Individual Effects Model (DRIVE Model; Mark and Smith, 2008) is recognised to be one of the most comprehensive and useful approaches due to the emphasis that has been given to the role of individual characteristics in stress process, and it has been also applied in a sample of UK nurses (Mark and Smith, 2012). Nevertheless, a review of the nursing literature revealed some gaps. In particular, Work-Life Balance (WLB), which may assume a key role in nurses’ wellbeing due to the overlapping of two care roles and the shift system, is relatively under-researched in this field. Furthermore, the analysis of gender differences has rarely been considered, and samples used are often asymmetrical or limited exclusively to the women nurses. Therefore, the present study aims at proposing and testing a multi-dimensional model to examine the effects of Job characteristics (Effort; Job Resources), Individual characteristics (Socio-demographic and Employment characteristics; Personality; Coping strategies) and Appraisals (Job Satisfaction; Perceived Positive Life) in the prediction of nurses’ wellbeing (Psychological Diseases; Physical Disorders; Health-adverse behaviours), also including the analysis of the role played by WLB and gender differences in a transactional perspective. Design and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 450 Italian nurses (Men=206; Women=244), which completed a questionnaire composed of: Socio-demographic and employment characteristics, Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ); ERI Test; Ways of Coping Checklist-Revised (WCCL-R); Bortner’s Type A Behavioural Style Inventory; Type D Scale-14 (DS14); Job Satisfaction subscale from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ); a single item for Perceived Positive Life; Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and Family-Work Conflict (FWC) Scales; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R); a single item assessing Physical Health; and 3 items assessing Health-adverse behaviours. Firstly, a comparison was drawn between findings emerged in the study applying the original DRIVE Model in a sample of UK nurses (Mark and Smith, 2012) and those emerged in our preliminary study. Secondly, original hypotheses have been tested to analyse the role played by gender, WLB and their interplay. Finally, the proposed multi-dimensional model has been tested in the whole sample and separately in male and female nurses. Statistical analyses were carried out using Descriptive statistics, Cross-tabulations and Chi-square, Factor Analyses, Pearson's Correlations, MANOVA, Logistic Regression Analyses (SPSS Version 20, and PROCESS software to test mediation effects). Results: Findings highlighted several significant associations of individual characteristics, job characteristics and appraisals in predicting nurses’ Psychological Diseases, Physical Disorders and Health-adverse behaviours, also revealing significant differences and similarities in the profiles of associations between male and female nurses. Several features peculiar to the Italian context with respect to the UK context were also found. Clinical and research implications were underlined and discussed. Conclusions: Results supported the importance of adopting a transactional and multi-dimensional approach to a greater and more complex understanding of work-related stress in nursing, also emphasising the necessity of including the analysis of WLB and gender differences to define focused interventions to promote nurses’ wellbeing.

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